Comparison of Breastmilk & Infant Formula

Comparison of Human Milk and Formula

NUTRIENT FACTOR	BREAST MILK	FORMULA	COMMENT
Fats	-Rich in brain-building omega 3s (DHA and AA) -Automatically adjusts to infant's needs; levels decline as baby gets older -Rich in cholesterol -Nearly completely absorbed -Contains fat-digesting enzyme, lipase	-No DHA -Doesn't adjust to infant's needs -No cholesterol -Not completely absorbed -No lipase	Fat is the most important nutrient in breastmilk; the absence of cholesterol and DHA, may predispose a child to adult heart and central nervous system diseases.  Leftover, unabsorbed fat accounts for unpleasant smelling stools in formula-fed babies.
Protein	-Soft, easily-digestible whey -More completely absorbed; higher in the milk of mothers who deliver preterm -Lactoferrin for intestinal health -Lysozyme, an antimicrobial -Rich in brain-and-body- building protein components -Rich in growth factors -Contains sleep-inducing proteins	-Harder-to-digest casein curds -Not completely absorbed, more waste, harder on kidneys -No lactoferrin, or only a trace -No lysozyme -Deficient or low in some brain-and body-building proteins -Deficient in growth factors -Does not contain as many sleep-inducing proteins.	Infants aren't allergic to human milk protein.
Carbohdrates	-Rich in lactose -Rich in oligosaccharides, which promote intestinal health	-No lactose in some formulas -Deficient in oligosaccharides	Lactose is considered an important carbohydrate for brain development. Studies show the level of lactose in the milk of a species correlates with the size of the brain of that species.
Immune Boosters	-Rich in living white blood cells, millions per feeding -Rich in immunoglobulins	-No live white blood cells-or any other cells. Dead food has less immunological benefit. -Few immunoglobulins and most are the wrong kind	When mother is exposed to a germ, she makes antibodies to that germ and gives these antibodies to her infant via her milk.
Vitamins and Minerals	-Better absorbed, especially iron, zinc, and calcium -Iron is 50 to 75 percent absorbed. -Contains more selenium (an antioxidant)	-Not absorbed as well -Iron is 5 to 10 percent absorbed -Contains less selenium (an antioxidant)	Vitamins and minerals in breast milk enjoy a higher bioavailability-that is, a greater percentage is absorbed. To compensate, more is added to formula, which makes it harder to digest.
Enzymes and Hormones	-Rich in digestive enzymes, such as lipase and amylase -Rich in many hormones: thyroid, prolactin, oxytocin, and more than fifteen others -Varies with mother's diet	-Processing kills digestive enzymes -Processing kills hormones, which are not human to begin with -Always tastes the same	Digestive enzymes promote intestinal health. Hormones contribute to the overall biochemical balance and well- being of baby. By taking on the flavor of mother's diet, breastmilk shapes the tastes of the child to family foods.